What is Data Normalization ? Define 1st NF ,2nd NF , 3rd NF , BCNF, 4th NF and 5th NF in DBMS

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 Q. What is  First Normal Form (1 NF )?

The domain of attribute must include only atomic values.


Q. What is Second Normal Form ( 2NF)?

A relation schema R is in 2NF if it is in 1NF and every non-prime attribute A in R is fully functionally dependent on primary key.

                                                                           

Q. What is Third Normal Form (3NF)?

A relation schema R is in 3NF if it is in 2NF and for every FD X A either of the following is true 

1. X is a Super-key of R.

2. A is a prime attribute of R.

In other words, if every non prime attribute is non-transitively dependent on primary key.

                                                                           

Q .What is BCNF (Boyce-Codd Normal Form)?

A relation schema R is in BCNF if it is in 3NF and satisfies an additional constraint that for every FD X A, X must be a candidate key.

                                                                          

Q. What is 4NF?

A relation schema R is said to be in 4NF if for every Multivalued dependency X Y that holds over R, one of following is true.

1.) X is subset or equal to (or) XY = R.

2.) X is a super key.

                                                                       

Q. What is 5NF?

A Relation schema R is said to be 5NF if for every join dependency {R1, R2, ..., Rn} that holds R, one the following is true 1.) Ri = R for some i.
2.) The join dependency is implied by the set of FD, over R in which the left side is key of R.


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